Category Archives: Companies Act 2013

MCA introduces Limited Purpose Independent Director in private companies


An amendment rules notified by MCA introduces concept of limited purpose independent director in private companies. Government is amending existing Companies (Corporate Social Responsibility Policy) Rules, 2014. These rules are being criticised by various eminent jurist for trying to undermine authority of Section 135 of the Companies Act, 2013. Sub – Section (1) of Section 135 mandate for at least one independent director in every company whether it is private or public company. Existing Rule 5 of CSR rules tries to undermine this provision of Section 135 by saying “an unlisted public company or a private company covered under sub-section (1) of section 135 which is not required to appoint an independent director pursuant to sub-section (4) of section 149 of the Act, shall have its CSR Committee without such director”. A rule being subordinate legislation has no constitutional authority to change a provision of the Act.

Amended Clause (i) of Sub – Rule (1) of Rule 5 reads, “an unlisted public company or a private company covered under sub-section (1) of section 135 shall have an independent director for being member of its CSR Committee and such independent director shall have no other duty, obligation and responsibility under the Act.” Consequently, Clause (i) of Sub – Rule (1) of Rule 5 also been deleted.

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Circular: Deposits under earlier Act


“Ease of doing business” certainly is a joke invoked once again by the Government on eve of closing of financial year 2014 – 15. Even a fast track professional cannot study implication and advice companies about. This became bigger prank when it is meant to give relief to private companies with lesser resources. As one senior company secretary comments, “This clarification is being given on 30th March, 2015 when many companies have either repaid or have filed petitions with the CLB for extension of time to repay the deposits”. Another professional summarise it as “too little, too late”.

Before reading this well intended circulars, circumstance show this now may help intentional defaulters as law abiding corporate already following some process with almost no scope of reversibility.

Now we may read the general circular 05/2015 issued on 30th March 2015 (afternoon, almost before 36 hours of calendar deadline and just before 12 hours of working deadline).

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E – Voting Rules 2015


Indian E – voting Rules were under criticism from various quarters of corporate world since. Their application has been postponed some point of time. Now, the Rule 20 of the Companies (Management and Administration) Rules 2014 has been substituted by the Companies (Management and administration) amendment Rules, 2015. We have discussed, original Rules related voting through electronic Means earlier here.

These rules will come into force from the date of publication of these rules in official gazette i.e.

Applicability:

The provisions of this rule shall apply in respect of the general meetings for which notices are issued on or after the dale of commencement of this rule. [Rule 20(1)]

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Amendment to Meeting of Board Rules


The Ministry of Corporate Affairs came with amendment to the Companies (Meeting of Board and its Powers) Rules 2014. These amendments shall come into effect from date of their publication in the Official Gazette i.e.

Power of Board:

As we have discussed earlier here, in addition to the powers specified under sub-section (3) of section 179 of the Act, the certain powers shall also be exercised by the Board of Directors only by means of resolutions passed at meetings of the Board.

Through this amendment, ministry of corporate affairs reduced list form total 9 items to only 3 items.

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Loan and Advances to Employees


Ministry of Corporate Affairs on 10th March 2015 came out with a general circular 04/2015 regarding clarification with regard to Section 185 and 186 of the Companies Act 2013 on subject of loan and advances to employees.

The ministry say in circular:

“This Ministry has received a number of references seeking clarification on the applicability of provisions of section 186 of the Companies Act, 2013 relating to grant of loans and advances by Companies to their employees.”

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REPORT ON ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING


This is new feature of Indian Corporate Law. Section 121 of the companies Act 2013 simply says that every listed public company shall prepare a report on each annual general meeting including the confirmation to the effect that the meeting was convened, held and conducted as per the provisions of this Act and the rules made there under. The company shall file with the Registrar a copy of the report within thirty days of the conclusion of the annual general meeting.

Rule 31 of the Companies (Management and Administration) Rules 2014 goes into details.

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All resigned No sign


This is a comical situation under soap opera script but it must have been a practical situation in India. And yes, many dealers of “company retail market” face this situation daily. Sellers want a cut off point beyond which they do not want any liability for any single moment and buyer will take charge on very next moment after the resignation of seller. This cut – off point on time scale is a possible legal defence from all past or future sins. Under Companies Act 1956, dealers has no fine tuned pressure to create such cut – off point because there was no possibility of submission of resignation by resigning directors. Filing a return of resignation of outgoing directors, under earlier law, was duty and responsibility of incumbent directors. They have to appoint at least one new director first (if not legally required two/three, in broad sense) before resigning. During those golden days, dealers usually prepare documents in such a way time to give effect of resignation was mentioned in minutes and seconds in resignation letters. Same was also true for appointment. Thereafter, within legal thirty days, dealers ensure filing of all required documents and forms with registrar of companies. Hence, all laws complied, happy ending.

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Journey of Schedule II in 2014


Schedule II of the Companies Act, 2013 deals with provision related to “useful life to compute depreciation”. This is second schedule of this Act which was amended before it may come into force in its original form.

A Notification published in Official gazette on 31st March 2014 amended the schedule with effect from 1st April 2014. These amendments were:

  1. In Part “A” Para 3 sub – paragraphs (i) to (iii) were substituted.
  2. In Part “C” Para 5, in Item IV, in sub – item (i); clause (b) was substituted.
  3. Under heading Notes appearing after Part “C”, Paragraph 5 was omitted.

Thereafter amended Schedule came into in force with effect from 1st April 2014.

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Suggestion for MCA website, “Act and Rules” Section


Dear Sir,
 
I am regular user of portal of Ministry of Company Affairs. This is one government site which update regularly. I have a small suggestion. This is related to “Act and Rules” section. 
 
I find Ministry update it immediately, whenever there is any new Rules, Notification, General Circular or order issued by Ministry and send for publication of Official Gazette of India. As you aware; most of these rules, notifications and orders come into force on the date of publication in the Official Gazette and until publication in Official Gazette, copies of these rules, notifications and orders are just a piece of information, not of Law of land.
 
I would like to suggest you, when these rules, notification and order published in Official gazette, Ministry may please replace its pre – publication copies with copies published in Official Gazette. This will help stakeholders to know date of publication in official gazette as well as date from which these rules, notification and orders.
 
I understand, this may increase workload a little bit but help stakeholders a lot and improve image of Ministry also.

General Circulars on CSR


As we discussed in last post here, government bringing changes in CSR law frequently. With all these development nightmare of CSR may become tax seems to be true soon. In this post, we are discussing General Circulars issued by Government in relation to CSR during first year. There are three circulars General Circular 21/2014 dated 18th June 2014, 36/2014 dated 17th September 2014 and 01/2015 dated 3rd February 2015.

General Circular 21/2014 enumerates following rules for interpretation of CSR Schedule VII of the Companies Act 2013:

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Journey of CSR Schedule in 2014


This is being said in corporate sector, the companies Act 2013 is being treated by government and corporate as CSR law. The schedule related to corporate social responsibility has been amended since its being come into force.

Original CSR Schedule read as under:

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Companies Permitted to invest (Removal of Difficulty Order2015)


Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued another “the Companies (Removal of Difficulties) Order, 2015” in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 470 of the Companies Act, 2013 o remove the difficulties form (a) Definition of Small Companies under Section 2(85) and (b) for that purpose also inserted forth item in sub – section (11) of Section 186.

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Change in Definition of Small Company (Removal of Difficulty Order 2015)


Ministry of Corporate Affairs issued another “the Companies (Removal of Difficulties) Order, 2015” in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 470 of the Companies Act, 2013 to remove the difficulties form (a) Definition of Small Companies under Section 2(85) and (b) for that purpose also inserted forth item in sub – section (11) of Section 186.

As we have already discussed earlier here, original definition of small company is:

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Immediate professional concern on Secretarial Audit


Late CS Bipin S. Acharya used to say that Secretarial Audit will confer this professional its legitimate dues and legal recognition for secretarial audit his life mission. Recently, the Companies Act 2013 introduced secretarial audit first time in India under legal mandate. However, there is suspicious among company secretaries about its future as earlier compliance certificates became useless piece of paper. The Institute of Company Secretaries of India seems to share same apprehension and working to address all issues. However, Institute has own limitations. Presently, we have about 9500 companies covered under compulsory secretarial audit and there are about 6500 company secretaries in practice.

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AMENDMENT: Administration of CSR


According to Rule 4(2) of the Companies (Corporate Social Responsiblilty Policy) Rules 2014 as discussed earlier here:

“The Board of a company may decide to undertake its CSR activities approved by the CSR Committee, through a registered trust or a registered society or a company established by the company or its holding or subsidiary or associate company under section 8 of the Act or otherwise:

Provided that—

(i) if such trust, society or company is not established by the company or its holding or subsidiary or associate company, it shall have an established track record of three years in undertaking similar programs or projects;

(ii) the company has specified the project or programs to be undertaken through these entities, the modalities of utilization of funds on such projects and programs and the monitoring and reporting mechanism.”

Now, Ministry of Corporate Affairs came out with the Companies (Corporate Social Responsiblity Policy) Rules 2015 dated 19th January 2015. These amendments shall come into effect from date of publication. After these amendments above mentioned sub – rule (2) of Rule 4 shall be as under:

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AMENDMENT: COPY OF RESIGNATION OF DIRECTOR


Rule 16 of the Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Rules 2014 as earlier discussed earlier here, prescribes where a director resigns from his office, he shall within a period of thirty days from the date of resignation, forward to the Registrar a copy of his resignation along with reasons for the resignation in Form DIR – 11 along with the fee as provided in the Companies (Registration Offices and Fees) Rules, 2014.

The Ministry of Corporate Affairs bring out an amendment to these Rules through the Companies (Appointment and Qualification of Directors) Amendment Rules 2015 dated 19th January 2015. These Rule are applicable from date of publication of these amendment rules in Official gazette.

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Issues in Appointment of Director in a Government Company


Indian Government as promoters considered as worst while complying corporate law and governance. What procedure government follows while appointing an additional director?

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COST AUDIT after Amendment Rules 2014


We have discussed applicability of the Companies (Cost Record and Audit) Rules 2014 as amended by the Companies (Cost Record and Audit) Amendment Rules 2014. Certain companies shall maintain cost record as discussed earlier here. Earlier we have discussed Cost Audit under original Rules before these amendment here.

Applicability of Cost Audit [Rule 4]:

Ever company specified in ITEM (A) of Rule 3, shall get its cost record audited if –

the overall turnover of the company from its products and services during preceding financial year is rupees fifty crore or more, or

the aggregate turnover of the individual product or products or service or services for which cost records are required to be maintained under [item (a) of] Rule 3 is rupees twenty five crore or more. [Rule 4(1)]

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COST RECORD after Amendment Rules 2014


The Companies (Cost Record and Audit) Rules 2014 as amended by the Companies (Cost Record and Audit) Amendment Rules 2014 shall be applicable from the date of its publication in official gazette of India and published in official gazette. I am yet to find notification in official gazettee untill 20th January 2015. Earlier we have discussed Cost Record under original Rules before these amendment here.

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Saving Private Assets


[A new Web portal LawStreetIndia launched on Pongal this year. This piece was originally published on LawStreetIndia here on 15th January 2015. This blog wish all success to the portal]

Investor Education and Protection Fund is a permanent parking lot of all unclaimed shares and dividend under the Companies Act. Unending hunger of fund by government results its claim on everything unclaimed with help of hurriedly drafted laws. Yes, for all legal purpose, government is not going to own such money and keep it in trust but fund so transferred help to arrange mileage for government as administrator of such fund.

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